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Finished chap3

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Jason Zhu 2020-11-07 15:27:12 +11:00
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@ -125,8 +125,84 @@ Overall, the traceback can be interpreted as: "when trying to resolve `/`, Djang
## 3.6 urls.py ## 3.6 urls.py
Django use `urls.py` in each app to map URLs to view functions.
```python
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
```
Note:
* This book use Django v1.11. So `path` function is not utilized, it's used in v3.x
Explain:
* `url` start with a regex, which defines which URLs it looks for, and where (function) should these request to send
* `^$` means empty string
Modifying `superlists.urls` to
```python
from django.conf.urls import url
from lists import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.home_page, name='home'),
]
```
Generate error as shown
```
...
File "/home/jason/HomeWorkstation/SynologyGiteaSpace/python-tdd-book-src/src/superlists/urls.py", line 20, in <module>
url(r'^$', views.home_page, name='home'),
File "/home/jason/miniconda3/envs/python-tdd-book/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/urls/__init__.py", line 85, in url
raise TypeError('view must be a callable or a list/tuple in the case of include().')
TypeError: view must be a callable or a list/tuple in the case of include().
```
Analyzing error message "TypeError: view must be a callable or a list/tuple in the case of include().": unit tests have actually made the link btw the URL "/" and `home_page = None` in `lists/views.py`, and are now complaining that `home_page` view is not callable.
Fix this problem via modifying `lists/views.py`
```python
def home_page():
pass
```
## 3.7 Unit Testing a View ## 3.7 Unit Testing a View
### 3.7.1 The Unit-Test/Code Cycle After creating simple `home_page` empty function. We can create test function in `lists/tests.py`
```python
def test_home_page_returns_correct_html(self):
request = HttpRequest()
response = home_page(request)
html = response.content.decode('utf8')
self.assertTrue(html.startswith('<html>'))
self.assertIn('<title>To-Do list</title>', html)
self.assertTrue(html.endswith('</html>'))
```
Result of `python manager.py test` is:
```
line 15, in test_home_page_returns_correct_html
response = home_page(request)
TypeError: home_page() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 was given
```
### 3.7.1 The Unit-Test/Code Cycle
TDD *unit-test/code cycle*:
1. In the terminal, run unit tests and see how they fail
2. In the editor, create minimal code change to fix test failure.
3. Repeat
Fix the `views.py` to
```python
def home_page(request):
return HttpResponse('<html><title>To-Do list</title></html>')
```